class Solution {
public:
long long subArrayRanges(const vector<int> &nums) {
const int n = nums.size();
long long res = 0;
stack<int> st;
for (int right = 0, mid, left; right <= n; right++) {
while (!st.empty() && (right == n || nums[st.top()] >= nums[right])) {
mid = st.top(), st.pop();
left = st.empty() ? -1 : st.top();
res -= (long long)nums[mid] * (right - mid) * (mid - left);
}
st.push(right);
}
st.pop();
for (int right = 0, mid, left; right <= n; right++) {
while (!st.empty() && (right == n || nums[st.top()] <= nums[right])) {
mid = st.top(), st.pop();
left = st.empty() ? -1 : st.top();
res += (long long)nums[mid] * (right - mid) * (mid - left);
}
st.push(right);
}
return res;
}
};